Asceneuron SA is a clinical-stage biotechnology company based near Lausanne, Switzerland, that discovers and develops oral small molecule therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases. Its programmes target the aggregation of tau and other abnormal proteins, with a focus on orphan tauopathies such as progressive supranuclear palsy, as well as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

The company's technology centres on O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibitors, which act on a central protein modification system to slow protein aggregation. Its lead asset, ASN51, is an oral small molecule OGA inhibitor designed for Alzheimer's disease. ASN90 (also referred to as FNP-223) is a second OGA inhibitor whose treatment rights for progressive supranuclear palsy were sold to Ferrer Pharmaceuticals. Both compounds have completed Phase 1 studies demonstrating central nervous system uptake and high OGA enzyme occupancy in the brain. A Phase 2 trial of ASN51 was terminated in early 2025, following setbacks for other OGA inhibitors from Eli Lilly and Biogen.

Asceneuron was founded in 2012 as a spin-off from Merck Serono's Alzheimer's drug discovery portfolio, under its Entrepreneur Partnership Program. It is privately held and has been backed by a syndicate of investors including Sofinnova Partners, M Ventures, SR One, Johnson & Johnson Innovation (JJDC), Kurma Partners, Novo Holdings, EQT Life Sciences, OrbiMed and GSK. In July 2024 it closed an oversubscribed $100 million Series C led by Novo Holdings. In October 2023 Barbara Angehrn Pavik was appointed CEO, succeeding co-founder Dirk Beher, who became Chief Scientific Advisor.